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ARCHES- IMPORTANT TECHNICAL TERMS

ARCHES- IMPORTANT TECHNICAL TERMS

An arch is a structure constructed to span across an opening. It generally consist of small wedge-shaped units which are jointed together with mortar. 

The important technical terms used in arch work are as follows:
  1. Intrados- It is the inner curve of an arch.
  2. Soffit- It is the inner surface of an arch. Sometimes intrados and soffit are used synonymously.
  3. Extrados- It is the outer curve of an arch.
  4. Voussoirs- These are wedge-shaped units of masonry forming an arch.
  5. Crown- It is the highest point of the extrados.
  6. Skew back- It is the inclined or splayed surface on the abutment on which the arch rests.
  7. Abutment- It is the part of the wall on which the arch rest. In other words it is the end support of an arch.
  8. Key stone- It is the wedge--shaped unit at the crown of an arch.
  9. Springer- It is the voussoir next to skew back.
  10. Springer line- It is an imaginary line joining the lowest parts of springer.
  11. Haunch- It is the bottom portion of an arch between the skew back and crown.
  12. Span- It is the clear horizontal distance between the supports.
  13. Pier- It is an intermediate support of an arch.
  14. Rise- It is the clear vertical distance between the springing line and the highest point on the intrados.
  15. Depth or height- It is the perpendicular distance between the intrados and extrados.
  16. Thickness or breatdth of sofit- It is the horizontal distance measured perpendicular to the front and back faces of an arch.

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